PARE MEMBERS' CHAT ROOM!

University

:

Kasetsart University

Name

:

IAMPAISARN Suthin

PARE ID No.

:

PARE026-21

Group No.

:

Three

B)       PROPOSE a title of Research paper related to the Master plan.

The title of research paper related to the master plan there are 5 title of research papers.

University

:

Chulalongkorn University

Name

:

Miss Thidarat MEEKOCH

PARE ID No.

:

PARE26-018

Group No.

:

7

   In my group's discussion, we talk about how to make sustainable energy by planning about background problem of sustainable energy can be described as follows: When the population increases the demand for energy (1) and food increased because people need energy (2) and food, to be strong so that the amount of increase in impact on environmental such as waste overflowing, etc.., so it should solve the problem by taking the volume of waste to those benefits. Other agents, such as the starch, the sugar cane to produce Bio-Ethanol, etc.., and if there is a by-product, it can be used to process other possibilities, such as brewing, by-product is Carbon dioxide, which is used in the production of soda, etc.., so that the amount of energy (2), which will increase the amount of energy (1) that was originally aimed at the needs of the population and the sustainable energy. (Show the Figure 1)

   So, we can think about the MASTER PLAN is Biomass and Waste as Future Energy Resources by Considering the Reduce the use of Energy from Non-Renewable Energy Sources by increasing the use of renewable energy resources especially biomass and waste such as Import of waste from the agricultural process sold to the Waste bank to exchange your purchase - sale of waste. The waste that has come to biomass and biogas. Biomass and biogas can be used to substitute fossil causing heat used to combustion to produce electricity. Alternatively, biomass can be used to produce bio-ethanol used to combustion to fuel in cars, produce Gasohol, etc. (Show the Figure 2)

   After that, we explain about the Heat Power Plant by used to Co-firing method. (Source: Based on US EPA, 2007). Co-firing is a near term, low-cost option for efficiently and cleanly converting biomass to electricity by adding biomass as a partial substitute fuel in high-efficiency coal boilers. Co-firing reduces emissions of CO₂, Reduces of sulfurous gases such as SO₂ that will reduce acid rain. (Show the Figure 3)

Biomass is a renewable organic resource of plant-derived material, excluding fossil resource. In a limited sense, the term refers to livestock excreta, waste wood, and plant residue after the removal of edible parts. Biomass represents organic materials that plants produce through photosynthesis from atmospheric CO₂ and water, and thus does not increase atmospheric CO₂ when burned. (Source: Honda Motor Co., Ltd., 2006)

Bio-Ethanol Production (Source: U.S. Department of Energy and Renewable Fuels Association). Bio-Ethanol is a natural product and is manufactured by the fermentation of plants containing sugar and starch. In our plants we produce bioethanol from renewable raw materials and from raw alcohol of agricultural origin. (Source: Crop Energies AG, 2011). The process consists of the following operations; First, Pre-treatment to separate cellulose from soft-biomass Second, Saccharification of cellulose and hemicellulose. Third, Conversion of sugar into ethanol using microorganisms, And Finally, Ethanol refinement. (Show the Figure 4)

And Ethanol production from soft-biomass including inedible leaves and plant stalks such as rice straw has entered into the mass production phase of research at the Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE) and Honda R&D Co., a subsidiary of Honda Motor responsible for research and development. Honda will begin producing flex-fuel cars capable of running solely on bioethanol-E100. Honda had earlier stated in its Annual Report 2006 that it was developing a flex-fuel vehicle for the Brazilian market that operates on any gasoline-ethanol mixture up to E100, and that it expected the vehicle to go on sale this year. Honda will become the first Japanese automaker to manufacture an E100 vehicle. Toyota has said that it will introduce E100 flex-fuel vehicles to the Brazilian market in 2007

   In conclusion, that the first, the sustainable use of fossil fuels and land resources; Biomass and waste can reduce non-renewable energy consumption, Biomass and waste can be as sustainable energy. Second, Environmental monitoring; Biomass can reduce Green House Gas (GHG) emission. And Finally, Sustainable development in urban and rural areas; Waste from rural and urban area can be reduced, Provide jobs opportunity in rural area, May provide independent energy for urban and rural area.

   Reference;

   C.N. Ibeto, A.U. Ofoefule and K.E. Agbo, 2011. A Global Overview of Biomass Potentials for Bioethanol Production: A Renewable Alternative Fuel. Trends in Applied Sciences Research, 6: 410-425.

   Honda Worldwide site. RITE and Honda Jointly Develop New Technology To Produce Ethanol From Cellulosic Biomass, 2014, Website, http://world.honda.com/news/2006/

c060914EthanolFromCellulosicBiomass/, Accessed 9 September 2014.

   Jarusombuti, S., T. Lerdchamchongkuln. 2008. Bend – Composites Board from Agriculture Waste: Case Study of Husk. Proceedings of 46th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Architecture and Engineering and Natural Resources and Environment. Kasetsart, Thailand.

   Renewable Fuels Association. “Industry Statistics: How Ethanol is Made,” 2014, Website, http://www.ethanolrfa.org/pages/how-ethanol-is-made, Accessed 9 September 2014.

   Renewable Fuels Association, 2014. “Industry Statistics: How Ethanol is Made.” Renewable Fuels Association, USA.

   Tech Hydra. Consolidated Bioprocessing: New Technique to Improve Biofuel Production, 2014, Website, http://techhydra.com/tech-news/biotechnology/consolidated-bioprocessing-new

-technique-improve-biofuel-production/, Accessed 9 September 2014.

   U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Biopower Fact Sheet, "Biomass Cofiring: A Renewable Alternative for Utilities," DOE/GO-102000-1055, June 2000, Website, http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy00osti/28009.pdf, Accessed 9 September 2014.

University

:

Kasetsart

Name

:

Miss Panalee Pooworakulchai

PARE ID No.

:

PARE26-028

Group No.

:

1

      My group master plans for sustainable energy by focus in sustainable use of fossil fuel and land use and environmental monitoring.

      In present have many problem such as increasing demand, depletion of resource and no or less environmental monitoring etc. so, all problem is the unsustainable. Which of the above problem so, my group focus is three point for sustainability is economic, social and environment because in the present have high cost of renewable energy is effect for economic, people disagreement of nuclear energy is effect for social and air pollution by fossil fuels usage (CO₂, SO_x, NO_x) is effect for environment and then how to achieve sustainable energy?

       In my group opinion have general idea is integrate all efforts to achieve sustainable energy and land use by focusing in cost, reserve and potential, use technology for reducing and monitoring the environmental impact and use policy and public awareness for controlling the energy, land use and environmental monitoring

 

          For energy, we focus is fossil fuel and alternative energy, and then fossil fuel for decrease emission from coal, biomass and waste have solve is co-processing. In present we are disposal waste by landfill or dedicated incinerator that result is emissions waste and energy intensive industry (EII) use coal and release emissions and use co-processing by use waste and coal are share. So, when energy intensive industry (EII) use waste and coal are share that result is decrease emissions. And we have opinion clean coal technologies is choice that decrease emissions by clean coal that pre-combustion technology, combustion technology and post-combustion technology. And use carbon capture and storage when industry release carbon dioxide and then capture carbon dioxide into the underground storage tank and use Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process is a generic term for techniques for increasing the amount of crude oil that can be extracted from an oil field. Next, alternative energy by use eco-energy park that eco-energy park have biogas, power plan such as solar, wind and water etc. In eco-energy park have advantages is money from tourism and save energy.

      For land use, we focus is agriculture and aquaculture. In agriculture, this present greenhouse warming is an issue that all parties are focused and work together to reduce greenhouse gas. The gas that cause greenhouse gas is CO₂, NO_x, CH₄ and in agriculture has also contributed to the release of CO₂, NO_x, CH₄ as well, so for agriculture should be part of the responsibility for these gases as well. The first of planting area check the amount of nutrients in the soil and the amount of liberated CO₂, NO_x, CH₄ in soil area. The detection method is random sampling in soil, take to check for the amount of nutrients in the soil and collect gas emitted from the soil to determine the amount of CO₂, NO_x, CH₄. Each plant needs different nutrients, so we should study the plants we want to grow that much each nutrient and with the release of CO₂, NO_x, CH₄ come out. Then, the result of the check is to data of the amount of fertilizer and manure in the right amount of plants, don’t put too much because it will affect the release of CO₂, NO_x, CH₄. The second, there should be a policy about the standard release CO₂, NO_x, CH₄ order not to affect the environment too. The third, give awareness to the farmers on the disadvantage of releasing CO₂, NO_x, CH₄ and teach the principles and methods to collect soil and gas from soil. Although prices in check is expensive but it will point the advantage of check. In order to reduce the cost of fertilizer to the plants and also can help reduce the release of CO₂, NO_x, CH₄.

      In aquaculture, we would like to advise for using alternative energy such as wind power and solar power combine with electric power form power plant. Because the renewable technology can be return as income. Moreover, we can increasing profit by using bi-farm concept we are not only sell shrimp from aquaculture but we can also get profit from milkfish together. we can use algae as water treatment and supplementary food for serving to human and animal too.

                Greenhouse gases from human activities are the most significant driver of observed climate change since the mid – 20^th century.

 

                                             

     This is important to know global warming potential. The measurements are used to plan and implement air quality regulations and policies to protect air quality. Control and monitor harmful pollutants emission from combustion activities. Monitoring equipment connected records the volume, velocity and chemical make-up of such water runoff.

  

        The conclusion, we should integrate efforts from many sectors to achieve energy sustainability. Government, community and researchers should work together.

The title of research paper related to master plan.

         Davidson, E.A. and I.A., Janssens. 2006. Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change. Nature 440 : 165 – 173.

    Rodrigo, M.A., P. Cañizares, J. Lobato, R. Paz, C. Sáez and J.J. Linares. 2006. Production of electricity from the treatment of urban waste water using a microbial fuel cell. Journal of power sources. 169(1) : 198 – 204.

       Mukund, R. Patel. 2003. Wind and solar power systems. Design, analysis and operation. Second edition. Taylor & francis, Germany.

    Gibbins, j. and H. Chalmers. 2008. Carbon capture and storage. Energy policy. 36(12) : 4317- 4322.

University

:

Kasetsart University

Name

:

Chakkapat Aenglong

PARE ID No.

:

PARE26-034

Group No.

:

7

In Thailand, we have a lot of rice field because we eat rice as main food so after we harvest rice, there is lot of straw. Normally, farmers will combust straws after they convert from straw to fertilizer, feed livestock, and cover plant because we have excessive straw. Moreover, we grow crop so we have a large amount of corncobs also. After famer convert from paddy to rice, they get a large amount of husk. So if famer burns it, they will release lot of CO₂ emission which has effect on climate change and cause of traffic accident. Biomass is fuel that is developed from organic materials, a renewable and sustainable source of energy used to create electricity or other forms of power. There are many researches which attempt to experiment about bioethanol by using biomass. Over the last 200 years an ever-increasing proportion of our energy has come from non-renewable sources such as oil and coal. While demand for energy raises these resources are running out and scientists are exploring the potential of renewable sources of energy for the future. All life on earth is sustained by energy from the sun. Plants and animals can store energy and some of this energy remains with them when they die. It is the remains of these ancient animals and plants that make up fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are non-renewable because they will run out one day. Burning fossil fuels generates greenhouse gases and relying on them for energy generation is unsustainable. Hence the need to find more renewable, sustainable ways of generating energy. Renewable or infinite energy resources are sources of power that quickly replenish themselves and can be used again and again. Some resources can be thought of as both renewable and non-renewable. Wood can be used for fuel and is renewable if trees are replanted. Biomass, which is material from living things, can be renewable if plants are replanted. We can make coal from husk. From many researchers report that husk can give much hotter than the general coal which is made from tree. In addition to this, we can use by-product from agriculture and waste as biomass fuel in heat power plant. By-product from agriculture field, soft-biomass such as straw, can convert to bioethanol by some microorganism such as yeast and bacteria. The mostly of monomer of it is glucose which can get after pretreatment and hydrolysis with acid or enzyme. And then microorganism change from glucose to ethanol through fermentation pathway For example we should use Co-firing technology which is the combustion of two different types of materials, fossil and biomass, at the same time. We can integrate bioethanol with oil as gasohol. We can decrease waste volume from agriculture. I think we can’t stop demand of fossil fuel but we can decrease demand or slow it down.